Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm plasma
A. Plasma protein
Plasma protein tuaj yeem muab faib ua albumin (3.8g% ~ 4.8g%), globulin (2.0g% ~ 3.5g%), thiab fibrinogen (0.2g% ~ 0.4g%) thiab lwm yam.Nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tam sim no tau qhia raws li hauv qab no:
a.Kev tsim cov ntshav plasma colloid osmotic siab Ntawm cov proteins no, albumin muaj qhov hnyav tshaj plaws molecular hnyav thiab cov ntsiab lus loj tshaj plaws, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov ntshav plasma colloid osmotic siab.Thaum cov synthesis ntawm albumin nyob rau hauv daim siab txo los yog nws tau tawm nyob rau hauv ntau ntau nyob rau hauv cov zis, cov plasma albumin cov ntsiab lus txo, thiab cov colloid osmotic siab kuj txo, ua rau lub cev edema.
b.Immune globulin suav nrog ntau yam xws li a1, a2, β thiab γ, ntawm cov uas γ (gamma) globulin muaj ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas tuaj yeem ua ke nrog antigens (xws li kab mob, kab mob lossis cov protein ntau heterologous) los tua cov kab mob.yam kab mob.Yog tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov immunoglobulin tsis txaus, lub cev muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob txo.Ntxiv kuj yog cov protein ntau hauv cov ntshav, uas tuaj yeem ua ke nrog immunoglobulins los ua ke ntawm cov kab mob lossis txawv teb chaws lub cev, rhuav tshem cov qauv ntawm lawv cov cell membranes, yog li muaj cov kab mob bacteriolytic lossis cytolytic.
c.Kev thauj mus los Plasma proteins tuaj yeem ua ke nrog ntau yam tshuaj los tsim cov complexes, xws li qee cov tshuaj hormones, vitamins, Ca2+ thiab Fe2+ tuaj yeem ua ke nrog globulin, ntau cov tshuaj thiab cov roj fatty acids ua ke nrog albumin thiab thauj hauv cov ntshav.
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau cov enzymes hauv cov ntshav, xws li proteases, lipases thiab transaminases, uas tuaj yeem thauj mus rau ntau lub hlwb los ntawm kev thauj plasma.
d.Coagulation Factors xws li fibrinogen thiab thrombin hauv plasma yog cov khoom uas ua rau cov ntshav coagulation.
B. Tsis muaj protein ntau nitrogen
Nitrogenous tshuaj uas tsis yog cov protein nyob rau hauv cov ntshav tau sau npe hu ua non-protein nitrogen.Feem ntau urea, ntxiv rau uric acid, creatinine, amino acids, peptides, ammonia thiab bilirubin.Ntawm lawv, amino acids thiab polypeptides yog cov as-ham thiab tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv kev sib txuas ntawm ntau cov nqaij mos proteins.Cov khoom seem feem ntau yog cov khoom lag luam metabolized (khoom pov tseg) ntawm lub cev, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv tau coj mus rau ob lub raum los ntawm cov ntshav thiab tso tawm.
C. Nitrogen-dawb organic teeb meem
Cov saccharide muaj nyob rau hauv plasma feem ntau yog cov piam thaj, hu ua ntshav qab zib.Nws cov ntsiab lus yog ze ze rau cov metabolism hauv qabzib.Cov ntshav qab zib cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg ib txwm muaj qhov ruaj khov, txog 80mg% txog 120mg%.Hyperglycemia yog hu ua hyperglycemia, lossis qis dhau yog hu ua hypoglycemia, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm.
Cov roj ntsha uas muaj nyob rau hauv plasma yog sib sau ua ke hu ua ntshav lipids.Xws li phospholipids, triglycerides thiab roj cholesterol.Cov tshuaj no yog cov khoom siv raw uas tsim cov cellular Cheebtsam thiab cov khoom xws li cov tshuaj hormones hluavtaws.Cov ntshav lipid cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam nrog cov roj metabolism hauv cov rog thiab tseem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov ntsiab lus rog hauv cov zaub mov.Cov ntshav lipid ntau dhau ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub cev.
D. Inorganic ntsev
Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj inorganic hauv plasma muaj nyob hauv lub xeev ionic.Ntawm cov cations, Na + muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws, nrog rau K +, Ca2 + thiab Mg2+, thiab lwm yam. Ntawm cov anions, Cl- yog qhov ntau tshaj, HCO3- yog thib ob, thiab HPO42- thiab SO42-, thiab lwm yam. Txhua hom ions muaj. lawv tshwj xeeb physiological functions.Piv txwv li, NaCl ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj ntshav plasma crystal osmotic siab thiab tswj lub cev ntshav ntim.Plasma Ca2+ koom nrog hauv ntau yam tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev muaj zog xws li tswj kev ua kom muaj zog neuromuscular thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov leeg excitation thiab contraction.Muaj cov lej ntawm cov ntsiab lus xws li tooj liab, hlau, manganese, zinc, cobalt thiab iodine hauv plasma, uas yog cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov enzymes, vitamins lossis tshuaj hormones, lossis muaj feem xyuam rau qee yam kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Mar-16-2022
