Ihe ndị bụ isi nke plasma
A. Plasma protein
Enwere ike kewaa protein Plasma n'ime albumin (3.8g% ~ 4.8g%), globulin (2.0g% ~ 3.5g%), na fibrinogen (0.2g% ~ 0.4g%) na ihe ndị ọzọ.Ewebata isi ọrụ ya ugbu a dị ka ndị a:
a.Nrụpụta plasma colloid osmotic pressure N'ime protein ndị a, albumin nwere ihe kacha nta na ihe dị n'ime ya, nke na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu n'ịkwado nrụgide colloid osmotic plasma nkịtị.Mgbe njikọ nke albumin na imeju belatara ma ọ bụ wepụ ya n'ọtụtụ dị na mmamịrị, ọdịnaya albumin plasma na-ebelata, nrụgide osmotic colloid na-ebelatakwa, na-ebute edema sistemu.
b.Immune globulin na-agụnye ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị ka a1, a2, β na γ, n'ime nke γ (gamma) globulin nwere ihe mgbochi dị iche iche, nke nwere ike ijikọta na antigens (dị ka nje bacteria, nje ma ọ bụ protein heterologous) iji gbuo nje.ihe na-akpata ọrịa.Ọ bụrụ na ọdịnaya nke immunoglobulin a ezughi oke, ikike ahụ nwere iguzogide ọrịa na-ebelata.Mmeju bụkwa protein dị na plasma, nke nwere ike ijikọ na immunoglobulins imekọ ihe ọnụ na nje nje ma ọ bụ ihe ndị si mba ọzọ, na-emebi usoro nke akpụkpọ ahụ ha, si otú ahụ nwee mmetụta bacteriolytic ma ọ bụ cytolytic.
c.Ụgbọ njem nwere ike ijikọta protein Plasma na ihe dị iche iche iji mepụta mgbagwoju anya, dị ka ụfọdụ hormones, vitamin, Ca2+ na Fe2+ na globulin, ọtụtụ ọgwụ na fatty acids na-ejikọta ya na albumin na-ebuga n'ime ọbara.
Na mgbakwunye, enwere ọtụtụ enzymes n'ime ọbara, dị ka proteases, lipases na transaminases, nke enwere ike ibuga na sel anụ ahụ dị iche iche site na njem plasma.
d.Ihe na-akpata coagulation dị ka fibrinogen na thrombin na plasma bụ ihe ndị na-akpata coagulation ọbara.
B. nitrogen na-abụghị protein
A na-akpọkwa ihe ndị nwere nitrogen na-abụghị protein n'ime ọbara nitrogen na-abụghị protein.tumadi urea, na mgbakwunye na uric acid, creatinine, amino acids, peptides, amonia na bilirubin.N'ime ha, amino acids na polypeptides bụ nri na-edozi ahụ ma nwee ike isonye na njikọ nke protein anụ ahụ dị iche iche.Ihe ndị ọzọ na-abụkarị ngwaahịa metabolized (ihe mkpofu) nke anụ ahụ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-ebuba na akụrụ site na ọbara ma wepụ ya.
C. Ihe organic na-enweghị nitrogen
Saccharide dị na plasma bụ nke kachasị glucose, nke a na-akpọ shuga ọbara.Ọdịnaya ya nwere njikọ chiri anya na glucose metabolism.Ọdịnaya shuga dị n'ọbara nke ndị nkịtị kwụsiri ike, ihe dịka 80mg% ruo 120mg%.A na-akpọ hyperglycemia hyperglycemia, ma ọ bụ nke dị ala ka a na-akpọ hypoglycemia, nke nwere ike ibute arụ ọrụ nke ahụ.
A na-akpọkwa ihe ndị nwere abụba dị na plasma n'otu n'otu dị ka lipids ọbara.Gụnyere phospholipids, triglycerides na cholesterol.Ihe ndị a bụ akụrụngwa na-emejupụta akụkụ cellular na ihe ndị dị ka homonụ sịntetik.Ọdịnaya lipid ọbara na-emetụta metabolism abụba yana ọ na-emetụtakwa abụba dị na nri.Oke lipid ọbara na-emerụ ahụ ahụ.
D. Inorganic nnu
Ọtụtụ ihe inorganic na plasma dị na steeti ionic.N'ime cations, Na + nwere ihe kachasị elu, yana K+, Ca2+ na Mg2+, wdg. N'etiti anions, Cl- bụ ihe kachasị, HCO3- bụ nke abụọ, na HPO42- na SO42-, wdg. Ụdị ion niile nwere. ha pụrụ iche physiological ọrụ.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, NaCl na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkwado nrụgide osmotic kristal plasma na ịnọgide na-enwe olu ọbara ahụ.Plasma Ca2 + na-etinye aka n'ọtụtụ ọrụ physiological dị mkpa dị ka ịnọgide na-enwe mmetụta nke neuromuscular ma na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na njikọ nke mkpali anụ ahụ na nkwụsị.Enwere ihe dị iche iche dị ka ọla kọpa, ígwè, manganese, zinc, cobalt na ayodiin na plasma, bụ ihe ndị dị mkpa maka ịmepụta ụfọdụ enzymes, vitamin ma ọ bụ hormones, ma ọ bụ metụtara ụfọdụ ọrụ physiological.
Oge nzipu: Mar-16-2022
