Kuziva nezve plasma
A. Plasma protein
Plasma protein inogona kukamurwa kuva albumin (3.8g% ~ 4.8g%), globulin (2.0g% ~ 3.5g%), uye fibrinogen (0.2g% ~ 0.4g%) nezvimwe zvikamu.Mabasa ayo makuru zvino anounzwa sezvinotevera:
a.Kuumbwa kweplasma colloid osmotic pressure Pakati pemapuroteni aya, albumin ine huremu hudiki hwema molecular uye yakakura yemukati, iyo inoita basa guru mukuchengetedza yakajairika plasma colloid osmotic pressure.Apo kuumbwa kwealbumin muchiropa kunoderedzwa kana kuti yakabudiswa muweti yakawanda, plasma albumin content inoderera, uye colloid osmotic pressure inodererawo, zvichiita kuti systemic edema.
b.Immune globulin inosanganisira zvikamu zvakawanda zvakadai sea1, a2, β uye γ, pakati payo γ (gamma) globulin ine zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinogona kusanganiswa nemaantigen (akadai sebhakitiriya, mavhairasi kana mapuroteni ane heterologous) kuuraya zvirwere.zvirwere zvinokonzera.Kana zvinyorwa zve immunoglobulin iyi zvisina kukwana, kukwanisa kwemuviri kurwisa zvirwere kunoderera.Complement zvakare ipuroteni muplasma, iyo inogona kusanganiswa ne immunoglobulins kuita pamwe chete pathogens kana mitumbi yekunze, ichiparadza chimiro chemasero avo membranes, nekudaro iine bacteriolytic kana cytolytic mhedzisiro.
c.Kutakura Mapuroteni ePlasma anogona kusanganiswa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti aite ma complexes, akadai semamwe mahomoni, mavitamini, Ca2 + uye Fe2 + anogona kusanganiswa ne globulin, mishonga yakawanda uye mafuta acids anosanganiswa ne albumin uye anotakurwa muropa.
Mukuwedzera, kune akawanda ma enzymes muropa, akadai seproteases, lipases uye transaminases, ayo anogona kuendeswa kune akasiyana matishu maseru kuburikidza nekutakura kweplasma.
d.Coagulation Zvinhu zvakadai sefibrinogen uye thrombin muplasma ndizvo zvinoumba ropa coagulation.
B. Isina-protein nitrogen
Nitrogenous substances kunze kweprotein iri muropa inoungana inonzi non-protein nitrogen.Kunyanya urea, kuwedzera kune uric acid, creatinine, amino acids, peptides, ammonia uye bilirubin.Pakati pavo, amino acids uye polypeptides zvinovaka muviri uye zvinogona kutora chikamu mukuumbwa kwemapuroteni akasiyana siyana.Zvimwe zvinhu zvacho zvinowanzogadzirwa nemetabolized (marara) emuviri, uye mazhinji acho anounzwa kuitsvo neropa uye akaburitswa.
C. nitrogen-isina organic matter
Iyo saccharide iri muplasma inonyanya kuisa glucose, inonzi shuga yeropa.Izvo zvirimo zvakabatana zvakanyanya neglucose metabolism.Iyo shuga yeropa yevanhuwo zvavo haina kugadzikana, inenge 80mg% kusvika 120mg%.Hyperglycemia inonzi hyperglycemia, kana yakaderera zvikuru inonzi hypoglycemia, iyo inogona kukonzera kusashanda kwemuviri.
Zvinhu zvine mafuta zviri muplasma zvinosanganiswa zvinonzi ropa lipids.Kusanganisira phospholipids, triglycerides uye cholesterol.Zvinhu izvi ndizvo zvimisikidzwa zvinoumba masero uye zvinhu zvakaita semahomoni ekugadzira.Ropa lipid yemukati ine hukama nemafuta metabolism uye zvakare inokanganiswa nemafuta ari muchikafu.Yakawandisa ropa lipid inokuvadza kumuviri.
D. Inorganic munyu
Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvisingaverengeki muplasma zviripo mune ionic state.Pakati pe cations, Na + ine yakanyanya kunyanya, pamwe neK +, Ca2 + uye Mg2 +, nezvimwewo Pakati peanion, Cl- ndiyo yakawanda, HCO3- yechipiri, uye HPO42- uye SO42-, nezvimwewo. mabasa avo anokosha emuviri.Semuenzaniso, NaCl inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza plasma crystal osmotic pressure uye kuchengetedza huwandu hweropa remuviri.Plasma Ca2 + inobatanidzwa mumabasa akawanda anokosha emuviri akadai sekuchengetedza neuromuscular excitability uye inoita basa rinokosha mukubatana kwekunakidza kwetsandanyama uye kuputika.Kune kuteedzera huwandu hwezvinhu zvakaita semhangura, iron, manganese, zingi, cobalt uye iodine muplasma, izvo zvinodiwa mbishi zvinhu zvekuumba mamwe ma enzymes, mavhitamini kana mahomoni, kana ane chekuita nemamwe mabasa emuviri.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-03-2022
