Tsebo ka plasma
A. Protheine ea Plasma
Protheine ea plasma e ka aroloa ka albumin (3.8g% ~ 4.8g%), globulin (2.0g% ~ 3.5g%), le fibrinogen (0.2g% ~ 0.4g%) le likarolo tse ling.Hona joale mesebetsi ea eona e ka sehloohong e hlahisoa ka tsela e latelang:
a.Ho thehoa ha plasma colloid osmotic pressure Har'a liprotheine tsena, albumin e na le boima ba molek'hule bo bonyenyane ka ho fetisisa le litaba tse kholo ka ho fetisisa, tse phethang karolo e kholo ho boloka khatello e tloaelehileng ea plasma colloid osmotic.Ha motsoako oa albin ka sebeteng o fokotsehile kapa o ntšoa ka bongata ka har'a moroto, "albumin" ea plasma ea fokotseha, 'me khatello ea osmotic ea colloid le eona ea fokotseha, e bakang edema ea systemic.
b.Immune globulin e kenyelletsa likarolo tse 'maloa tse kang a1, a2, β le γ, tseo har'a tsona γ (gamma) globulin e nang le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-antibodies, tse ka kopanang le li-antigen (tse kang libaktheria, likokoana-hloko kapa liprotheine tse fapaneng) ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.maloetse.Haeba litaba tsa immunoglobulin ena li sa lekana, matla a 'mele a ho hanyetsa maloetse a fokotseha.Tlatsetso e boetse e le protheine ea plasma, e ka kopanang le li-immunoglobulins ho sebetsa 'moho ho likokoana-hloko kapa 'mele e tsoang linaheng tse ling, ho senya sebopeho sa lisele tsa bona, ka hona ho ba le liphello tsa bacteriolytic kapa cytolytic.
c.Lipalangoang Liprotheine tsa Plasma li ka kopanngoa le lintho tse sa tšoaneng ho etsa li-complexes, tse kang li-hormone tse ling, livithamine, Ca2 + le Fe2 + li ka kopanngoa le globulin, lithethefatsi tse ngata le mafura a mafura a kopantsoe le albumin 'me a tsamaisoa ka mali.
Ho phaella moo, ho na le li-enzyme tse ngata maling, tse kang li-protease, lipase le li-transaminase, tse ka fetisetsoang liseleng tse sa tšoaneng tsa lisele ka ho tsamaisa plasma.
d.Coagulation Lintlha tse kang fibrinogen le thrombin ka plasma ke likarolo tse bakang ho kopana ha mali.
B. Naetrojene e senang protheine
Lintho tse nang le naetrojene ntle le protheine maling li bitsoa ka kopanelo e le naetrojene e seng protheine.Haholo-holo urea, ho phaella ho uric acid, creatinine, amino acid, peptides, ammonia le bilirubin.Har'a tsona, li-amino acid le li-polypeptide ke limatlafatsi 'me li ka kenya letsoho tlhahisong ea liprotheine tse fapaneng tsa lisele.Lintho tse ling kaofela ke lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka metabolized (litšila) tsa 'mele,' me boholo ba tsona li tlisoa liphio ka mali 'me li ntšoa.
C. Lintho tse phelang tse se nang naetrojene
Saccharide e fumanehang ka har'a plasma hangata ke tsoekere, e bitsoang tsoekere ea mali.Likahare tsa eona li amana haufi-ufi le metabolism ea glucose.Tekanyo ea tsoekere ea mali ea batho ba tloaelehileng e batla e tsitsitse, e ka bang 80mg% ho isa ho 120mg%.Hyperglycemia e bitsoa hyperglycemia, kapa e tlase haholo e bitsoa hypoglycemia, e ka lebisang ho se sebetseng ha 'mele.
Lintho tse mafura tse ka har'a plasma li bitsoa "lipids" tsa mali.Ho kenyelletsa phospholipids, triglycerides le cholesterol.Lintho tsena ke lisebelisoa tse tala tse etsang likarolo tsa cellular le lintho tse kang li-hormone tsa maiketsetso.Litaba tsa lipid maling li amana le metabolism ea mafura hape li angoa ke mafura a lijong.lipid e feteletseng ea mali e kotsi 'meleng.
D. Matsoai a sa tloaelehang
Bongata ba lintho tse inorganic ka plasma li teng maemong a ionic.Har'a li-cations, Na + e na le mahloriso a phahameng ka ho fetisisa, hammoho le K +, Ca2 + le Mg2 +, joalo-joalo Har'a li-anions, Cl- ke ka ho fetisisa, HCO3- ke ea bobeli, le HPO42- le SO42-, joalo-joalo Mefuta eohle ea ions e na le mesebetsi ea bona e khethehileng ea fisioloji.Ka mohlala, NaCl e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho boloka khatello ea osmotic ea plasma le ho boloka molumo oa mali a 'mele.Plasma Ca2 + e ameha mesebetsing e mengata ea bohlokoa ea 'mele e kang ho boloka thabo ea neuromuscular le ho phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho kopantseng ho tsosoa ha mesifa le ho fokotseha.Ho na le likarolo tse ngata tsa likarolo tse kang koporo, tšepe, manganese, zinki, cobalt le iodine ka plasma, e leng lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ho thehoa ha li-enzyme tse itseng, livithamine kapa li-hormone, kapa tse amanang le mesebetsi e itseng ea 'mele.
Nako ea poso: Aug-03-2022
