Gulu ndi kufotokozeramachubu osonkhanitsira magazi
1. Biochemical
Machubu osonkhanitsira magazi am'magazi amagawidwa m'machubu ophatikizika (chipewa chofiyira), machubu olimbikitsa kukomoka (kapu yofiyira lalanje), ndi machubu amphira olekanitsa (kapu yachikasu).
Khoma lamkati la chubu lapamwamba lapamwamba lophatikizira lopanda magazi limakutidwa mofanana ndi wothandizira khoma lamkati ndi wothandizira pakamwa pakamwa kuti apewe kusweka kwa ma cell panthawi ya centrifugation ndikukhudza zotsatira za mayeso, ndipo khoma lamkati la chubu ndi seramu zimamveka bwino. ndi mandala, ndipo palibe magazi atapachikidwa pa chubu pakamwa.
Kuphatikiza pa khoma lamkati la chubu la coagulation lomwe limakutidwa mofanana ndi wothandizira khoma lamkati ndi wothandizira mankhwala a nozzle, njira yopopera imatengedwa mu chubu kuti coagulation accelerator igwirizane ndi khoma la chubu, yomwe ndi yabwino mwamsanga. ndi kusakaniza kwathunthu magazi pambuyo sampuli, zomwe zingafupikitse kwambiri nthawi coagulation.Ndipo palibe mvula ya fibrin filaments kupewa kutsekereza chipini cha zida potengera zitsanzo.
Pamene chubu cha rabara cholekanitsa ndi centrifuged, gel olekanitsa amasunthidwa pakati pa chubu, chomwe chili pakati pa seramu kapena plasma ndi magazi omwe amapanga zigawo zikuluzikulu.Pambuyo pa centrifugation, imalimbitsa kupanga chotchinga, chomwe chimalekanitsa kwathunthu seramu kapena plasma kuchokera ku maselo ndikuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa seramu mankhwala., palibe kusintha kwakukulu komwe kunawonedwa pansi pa firiji kwa 48 h.
The inert kupatukana mphira chubu wodzazidwa ndi heparin, amene angathe kukwaniritsa cholinga kulekana mofulumira plasma, ndi chitsanzo akhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.Mapaipi olekanitsa omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyesa mwachangu kwa biochemical.Kupatukana gel osakaniza heparin machubu ndi oyenera biochemical kuyezetsa mwadzidzidzi, pachimake kwambiri chisamaliro unit (ICU), etc. Poyerekeza ndi chubu seramu, ubwino waukulu ndi kuti seramu (plasma) akhoza kulekanitsidwa mwamsanga, ndipo chachiwiri ndi kuti mankhwala. Seramu (plasma) imatha kukhala yokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali, yomwe ndi yabwino kunyamula.
2. Anticoagulant
1) Heparin chubu (chipewa chobiriwira): Heparin ndi anticoagulant yabwino kwambiri, yomwe ilibe kusokoneza pang'ono ndi zigawo za magazi, sichimakhudza kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a magazi, ndipo sichimayambitsa hemolysis.Volume, erythrocyte sedimentation rate ndi kutsimikiza kwa biochemical.
2) Chubu chachizolowezi chamagazi (chipewa chofiirira): EDTA imapangidwa ndi ayoni a calcium m'magazi, kuti magazi asamaundane.Nthawi zambiri, 1.0 ~ 2.0 mg ingalepheretse 1 ml ya magazi kuti isaundane.Izi anticoagulant sizimakhudza kuwerenga ndi kukula kwa maselo oyera, ali kochepa kwambiri morphology wa maselo ofiira a magazi, ndipo ziletsa kuphatikizika kwa mapulateleti, choncho ndi oyenera ambiri hematological mayesero.Kawirikawiri, njira yopopera mankhwala imatengedwa kuti ipangitse kuti reagent igwirizane ndi khoma la chubu, kuti magazi azitha kukhala mofulumira komanso osakanikirana pambuyo pa zitsanzo.
3) Magazi a coagulation chubu (chipewa cha buluu): kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi a sodium citrate anticoagulant buffer amawonjezedwa ku chubu chotolera magazi.Anticoagulant ndi voliyumu yosonkhanitsira magazi amawonjezedwa mu chiŵerengero cha 1:9 powunika zinthu za coagulation mechanism (monga PT, APTT).Mfundo ya anticoagulation ndi kuphatikiza ndi kashiamu kupanga sungunuka kashiamu chelate kuti magazi asaundane.Mlingo wovomerezeka wa anticoagulant wofunikira pakuyesa kwa hemagglutination ndi 3.2% kapena 3.8%, womwe ndi wofanana ndi 0.109 kapena 0.129 mol/L.Pakuyezetsa magazi, ngati chiŵerengero cha magazi ndi chochepa kwambiri, nthawi ya APTT idzatalikitsidwa, ndipo zotsatira za prothrombin time (PT) zidzasinthidwanso kwambiri.Choncho, ngati chiŵerengero cha anticoagulant ku chiwerengero cha kusonkhanitsa magazi ndicholondola kapena ayi zimadalira mtundu wa mankhwala.Mulingo wofunikira wamakhalidwe abwino.
4) ESR chubu (chipewa chakuda): Dongosolo la anticoagulation la chubu chosonkhanitsira magazi ndi lofanana ndi la chubu la magazi coagulation, kupatula kuti sodium citrate anticoagulant ndi voliyumu yosonkhanitsira magazi zimawonjezeredwa mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 4 pa ESR. kufufuza.
5) Chubu cha shuga m'magazi (imvi): Fluoride amawonjezeredwa ku chubu chosonkhanitsira magazi ngati choletsa.Chifukwa cha kuwonjezera kwa inhibitor ndi chithandizo chapadera cha khoma lamkati la chubu choyesera, katundu woyambirira wa magazi amasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo kagayidwe ka maselo a magazi kumakhala kokhazikika.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwunika shuga wamagazi, kulolerana kwa shuga, erythrocyte electrophoresis, anti-alkali hemoglobin, ndi glucose hemolysis.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-09-2022
