Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nencazelo yeamashubhu okuqoqa igazi
1. Amakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo
Amashubhu eqoqo legazi lamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo ahlukaniswe abe amashubhu angenazo izithasiselo (ikepisi elibomvu), amashubhu akhuthaza ukuhlangana (ikepisi elibomvu eliwolintshi), namashubhu erabha okuhlukanisa (ikepisi eliphuzi).
Udonga lwangaphakathi lweshubhu lokuqoqa igazi elingenazingezo lwekhwalithi ephezulu lumbozwe ngokulinganayo nge-ejenti yokwelapha yodonga lwangaphakathi kanye ne-ejenti yokwelapha umlomo weshubhu ukuze kugwenywe ukuphuka kwamangqamuzana phakathi ne-centrifugation futhi kuthinte imiphumela yokuhlolwa, futhi udonga lwangaphakathi lweshubhu neserum kucacile. futhi isobala, futhi alikho igazi elilenga emlonyeni weshubhu.
Ngokungeziwe odongeni lwangaphakathi lweshubhu yokuhlangana ehlanganiswe ngendlela efanayo ne-ejenti yokwelapha yodonga lwangaphakathi kanye ne-ejenti yokwelapha umlomo wombhobho, indlela yokufutha iyamukelwa epayipini ukwenza isisheshisi sokuhlangana sinamathele ngokulinganayo odongeni lweshubhu, olulungele ngokushesha. kanye nokuxuba ngokugcwele isampula yegazi ngemva kwesampula, okunganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuhlangana.Futhi akukho ukuna kwe-fibrin filaments ukugwema ukuvimba imbobo yesisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokusampula.
Lapho ithubhu yerabha yokuhlukanisa i-centrifuged, ijeli yokuhlukanisa ithuthelwa enkabeni yeshubhu, ephakathi kwe-serum noma i-plasma kanye nezingxenye zegazi ezakhiwe.Ngemuva kokuthi i-centrifugation iqediwe, iqinisa ukwakha isithiyo, esihlukanisa ngokuphelele i-serum noma i-plasma kumaseli futhi iqinisekise ukuzinza kwe-serum chemical composition., akukho shintsho oluphawulekayo olubonwe ngaphansi kwesiqandisi se-48 h.
I-tube ye-rubber yokuhlukanisa i-inert igcwele i-heparin, engafinyelela injongo yokuhlukaniswa okusheshayo kwe-plasma, futhi isampula ingagcinwa isikhathi eside.Amapayipi okuhlukanisa achazwe ngenhla angasetshenziselwa ukuhlola okusheshayo kwamakhemikhali e-biochemical.Ukwehlukanisa amashubhu e-heparin ejeli afanele ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo, i-acute intensive care unit (ICU), njll. Uma kuqhathaniswa neshubhu le-serum, inzuzo enkulu ukuthi i-serum (plasma) ingahlukaniswa ngokushesha, kanti okwesibili ukuthi ikhemikhali. ukwakheka kwe-serum (i-plasma) ingahlala isikhathi eside, esilungele ukuthuthwa.
2. I-Anticoagulant
1) Ishubhu le-Heparin (ikepisi eliluhlaza): I-Heparin iyi-anticoagulant enhle kakhulu, engenakuphazamiseka okuncane ezingxenyeni zegazi, ayithinti umthamo wamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, futhi ayibangeli ukopha.Ivolumu, izinga le-erythrocyte sedimentation kanye nokuzimisela okujwayelekile kwe-biochemical.
I-2) Ishubhu lesimiso segazi (ikepisi elinsomi): I-EDTA ifakwe i-calcium ion egazini, ukuze igazi lingahlangani.Ngokuvamile, i-1.0 ~ 2.0 mg ingavimbela i-1 ml yegazi ekuhlanganiseni.Le anticoagulant ayithinti isibalo nosayizi wamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, inomphumela omncane ku-morphology yamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, futhi inganqanda ukuhlangana kwamaplatelet, ngakho ilungele ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile.Ngokuvamile, indlela yokufafaza iyamukelwa ukwenza i-reagent inamathele ngokulinganayo odongeni lwe-tube, ukuze isampula yegazi isheshe futhi ixutshwe ngokugcwele ngemva kwesampula.
3) I-blood coagulation tube (ikepisi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka): i-quantitative liquid sodium citrate anticoagulant buffer yengezwa eshubhu lokuqoqa igazi.I-Anticoagulant kanye nevolumu yokuqoqwa kwegazi elinganiselwe kwengezwa ngesilinganiso esingu-1:9 ukuze kuhlolwe izinto ze-coagulation mechanism (njenge-PT, APTT).Umgomo we-anticoagulation uwukuhlanganisa ne-calcium ukwakha i-calcium chelate encibilikayo ukuze igazi lingajingi.I-concentration ye-anticoagulant enconyiwe edingekayo ekuhlolweni kwe-hemagglutination ngu-3.2% noma u-3.8%, okulingana no-0.109 noma 0.129 mol/L.Ngokuhlolwa kwe-blood coagulation, uma isilinganiso segazi siphansi kakhulu, isikhathi se-APTT sizonwetshwa, futhi imiphumela ye-prothrombin time (PT) nayo izoshintshwa kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, ukuthi isilinganiso se-anticoagulant nevolumu yeqoqo legazi elilinganiselwe sinembile noma cha kuncike kulolu hlobo lomkhiqizo.izinga elibalulekile lekhwalithi.
4) Ishubhu le-ESR (ikepisi elimnyama): Uhlelo lwe-anticoagulation lweshubhu lokuqoqa igazi luyafana nalolo lweshubhu lokujiya kwegazi, ngaphandle kokuthi i-sodium citrate anticoagulant kanye nevolumu yokuqoqwa kwegazi elinganiselwe kwengezwa ngesilinganiso esingu-1:4 ku-ESR. ukuhlolwa.
5) Ishubhu le-blood glucose (grey): I-fluoride ifakwa eshubhuni lokuqoqa igazi njengesivimbeli.Ngenxa yokwengezwa kwe-inhibitor kanye nokwelashwa okukhethekile kodonga lwangaphakathi lweshubhu lokuhlola, izakhiwo zangempela zesampula yegazi zigcinwa isikhathi eside, futhi umzimba wamangqamuzana egazi ngokuyisisekelo umile.Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhloleni ushukela wegazi, ukubekezelela ushukela, i-erythrocyte electrophoresis, i-anti-alkali hemoglobin, kanye ne-glucose hemolysis.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-09-2022
