Seramu ndi madzi otumbululuka achikasu owoneka bwino omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magazi.Ngati magazi atengedwa kuchokera mumtsempha wamagazi ndikuyikidwa mu chubu choyesera popanda anticoagulant, coagulation reaction imayamba, ndipo magazi amaundana mwachangu kupanga jelly.Kuundana kwa magazi kumachepa, ndipo madzi otumbululuka achikasu owoneka bwino omwe amazungulira mozungulira ndi seramu, yomwe imatha kupezekanso ndi centrifugation pambuyo pakuundana.Panthawi ya coagulation, fibrinogen imasandulika kukhala fibrin mass, kotero palibe fibrinogen mu seramu, yomwe ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi plasma.Mu coagulation reaction, mapulateleti amatulutsa zinthu zambiri, ndipo zinthu zosiyanasiyana za coagulation zasinthanso.Zigawozi zimakhalabe mu seramu ndikupitiriza kusintha, monga prothrombin kukhala thrombin, ndipo pang'onopang'ono amachepetsa kapena kutha ndi nthawi yosungiramo seramu.Izi ndizosiyananso ndi plasma.Komabe, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe sizitenga nawo gawo mu coagulation reaction kwenikweni ndizofanana ndi plasma.Pofuna kupewa kusokoneza kwa anticoagulants, kusanthula kwa zigawo zambiri zamagazi m'magazi kumagwiritsa ntchito seramu ngati chitsanzo.
Zigawo zoyambira zaseramu
[mapuloteni a seramu] okwana mapuloteni, albumin, globulin, TTT, ZTT.
[Mchere wachilengedwe] Creatinine, magazi urea nayitrogeni, uric acid, creatinine ndi mtengo woyeretsa.
[Glycosides] Shuga wamagazi, Glycohemoglobin.
[Lipid] Cholesterol, triglyceride, beta-lipoprotein, HDL cholesterol.
[Ma enzymes a seramu] GOT, GPT, γ-GTP, LDH (lactate dehydratase), amylase, alkaline carbonase, asidi carbonase, cholesterase, aldolase.
[Pigment] Bilirubin, ICG, BSP.
[Electrolyte] Sodium (Na), Potaziyamu (K), Calcium (Ca), Chlorine (Cl).
[Mahomoni] Mahomoni a chithokomiro, mahomoni olimbikitsa a chithokomiro.
Ntchito yaikulu ya seramu
Perekani zakudya zofunika: ma amino acid, mavitamini, zinthu zopanda organic, lipids, nucleic acid zotumphukira, ndi zina zotero, zomwe ndizofunikira pakukula kwa maselo.
Perekani mahomoni ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana za kukula: insulini, mahomoni a adrenal cortex (hydrocortisone, dexamethasone), mahomoni a steroid (estradiol, testosterone, progesterone), ndi zina zotero.
Perekani mapuloteni omangiriza: Ntchito yomanga mapuloteni ndi kunyamula zinthu zofunika kwambiri zolemera maselo, monga albumin kuti azinyamula mavitamini, mafuta, ndi mahomoni, ndi transferrin kuti azinyamula chitsulo.Mapuloteni omangirira amakhala ndi gawo lofunikira mu metabolism yama cell.
Amapereka kukhudzana-kulimbikitsa ndi elongating zinthu kuteteza selo adhesion ku kuwonongeka makina.
Imakhala ndi zoteteza pama cell mu chikhalidwe: maselo ena, monga ma cell a endothelial ndi maselo a myeloid, amatha kutulutsa ma protease, ndipo seramu imakhala ndi zigawo zotsutsana ndi protease, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yochepetsera thupi.Izi zidapezeka mwangozi, ndipo tsopano seramu imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwadala kuletsa chimbudzi cha trypsin.Chifukwa trypsin yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pogaya chakudya ndikudutsa ma cell omwe amatsatira.Mapuloteni a seramu amathandizira kukhuthala kwa seramu, yomwe ingateteze maselo ku kuwonongeka kwa makina, makamaka panthawi yachisokonezo m'zikhalidwe zoyimitsidwa, kumene kukhuthala kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.Seramu imakhalanso ndi ma trace element ndi ayoni, omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuchotsa poizoni m'thupi, monga seo3, selenium, ndi zina.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-14-2022
