Vacuum chotengera chamagazi ndi chubu chotaya magazi cha vacuum chomwe chimatha kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa magazi.Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi singano yosonkhanitsira magazi.
Mfundo yosonkhanitsa magazi mu vacuum
Mfundo yosonkhanitsira magazi a vacuum ndikujambula chubu chosonkhanitsira magazi chokhala ndi kapu yamutu kupita ku madigiri osiyanasiyana a vacuum pasadakhale, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yake yoyipa kuti itolere zitsanzo zamagazi a venous, ndikuyika mbali imodzi ya singano yosonkhanitsira magazi mumtsempha wamunthu ndi mbali inayo mu pulagi ya mphira ya vacuum yotolera magazi chubu.Magazi a venous a munthu ali mumtsempha wa vacuum wotolera magazi.Pansi pa kupanikizika koyipa, amapopedwa mumtsuko wamagazi kudzera mu singano yosonkhanitsira magazi.Pansi pa venipuncture imodzi, kusonkhanitsa machubu angapo kumatha kuchitika popanda kutayikira.Voliyumu ya lumen yolumikiza singano yosonkhanitsira magazi ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, kotero kukhudzika kwa voliyumu yosonkhanitsira magazi kumatha kunyalanyazidwa, koma kuthekera kwa countercurrent ndikocheperako.Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa lumen kumawononga gawo la vacuum ya chotengera chosonkhanitsira magazi, motero kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake.
Gulu la vacuum zotengera magazi
Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1, pali mitundu 9 ya mitsempha yotolera magazi, yomwe imatha kusiyanitsa molingana ndi mtundu wa chivundikirocho.
Chithunzi 1 mitundu ya vacuum yosonkhanitsira magazi
1. wamba seramu chubu wofiira kapu
Chotengera chotengera magazi chilibe zowonjezera, palibe anticoagulant ndi procoagulant, koma vacuum yokha.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito chizolowezi seramu biochemistry, banki magazi ndi serology zokhudzana mayesero, zosiyanasiyana biochemical ndi immunological mayesero, monga chindoko, chiwindi B quantification, etc. sipafunika kugwedeza pambuyo kujambula magazi.Mtundu wa kukonzekera kwa chitsanzo ndi seramu.Pambuyo kujambula magazi, amaikidwa mu 37 ℃ osamba madzi kwa mphindi 30, centrifuged, ndi chapamwamba seramu ntchito standby.
2. lalanje kapu ya mofulumira seramu chubu
Pali ma coagulants m'mitsempha yosonkhanitsira magazi kuti apititse patsogolo dongosolo la coagulation.Machubu othamanga a seramu amatha kuwundana ndi magazi omwe atengedwa mkati mwa mphindi zisanu.Ndiwoyenera kuyesedwa kwadzidzidzi kwa seramu.Ndiwogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri coagulation kulimbikitsa test chubu kwa tsiku ndi tsiku biochemistry, chitetezo chokwanira, seramu, mahomoni, etc. pambuyo kujambula magazi, akhoza kusinthidwa ndi kusakaniza kwa 5-8 nthawi.Kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala kochepa, kumatha kuyikidwa mumadzi osambira a 37 ℃ kwa 10-20min, ndipo seramu yapamwamba imatha kukhala centrifuged poyimirira.
3. golide mutu chivundikiro cha inert kulekanitsa gel osakaniza imathandizira chubu
Gelisi ya inert ndi coagulant zidawonjezeredwa ku chotengera chotolera magazi.Chitsanzocho chinakhalabe chokhazikika mkati mwa maola 48 pambuyo pa centrifugation.The coagulant akhoza mwamsanga yambitsa ndi coagulation limagwirira ndi imathandizira ndondomeko coagulation.Mtundu wachitsanzo ndi seramu, yomwe ndi yoyenera kuyesa kwadzidzidzi kwa seramu biochemical ndi pharmacokinetic.Pambuyo kusonkhanitsa, sakanizani mozondoka kwa 5-8 nthawi, imani molunjika kwa 20-30min, ndi centrifuge supernatant ntchito.
4. kapu yakuda ya sodium citrate ESR test chubu
Mlingo wofunikira wa sodium citrate pakuyezetsa kwa ESR ndi 3.2% (yofanana ndi 0.109mol/l), ndipo chiŵerengero cha anticoagulant ndi magazi ndi 1:4.Lili ndi 0.4ml ya 3.8% sodium citrate.Tengani magazi mpaka 2.0ml.Ichi ndi chubu choyesera chapadera cha erythrocyte sedimentation rate.Mtundu wa chitsanzo ndi plasma.Ndi oyenera erythrocyte sedimentation mlingo.Pambuyo pojambula magazi, amasinthidwa nthawi yomweyo ndikusakaniza kwa 5-8.Gwedezani bwino musanagwiritse ntchito.Kusiyana kwake ndi chubu choyesera cha coagulation factor test ndikuti kuchuluka kwa anticoagulant ndi kosiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi, komwe sikungasokonezeke.
5. sodium citrate coagulation test chubu kuwala buluu kapu
Sodium citrate imagwira ntchito ya anticoagulant makamaka poyesa ma ayoni a calcium m'miyeso ya magazi.Kuchuluka kwa anticoagulant komwe Komiti Yadziko Lonse yoyezetsa ma labotale yovomerezeka ndi 3.2% kapena 3.8% (yofanana ndi 0.109mol/l kapena 0.129mol/l), ndipo chiŵerengero cha anticoagulant ndi magazi ndi 1:9.Chotengera cha vacuum chotengera magazi chimakhala ndi pafupifupi 0.2ml ya 3.2% sodium citrate anticoagulant.Magazi amasonkhanitsidwa mpaka 2.0ml.Mtundu wokonzekera chitsanzo ndi magazi athunthu kapena plasma.Pambuyo pakusonkhanitsa, imasinthidwa nthawi yomweyo ndikusakanikirana kwa nthawi 5-8.Pambuyo centrifugation, chapamwamba plasma amatengedwa standby.Ndiwoyenera kuyesa mayeso a coagulation, Pt, APTT ndi mayeso a coagulation factor.
6. heparin anticoagulation chubu wobiriwira kapu
Heparin anawonjezeredwa ku chotengera chotengera magazi.Heparin ali ndi zotsatira za antithrombin mwachindunji, amene angathe kutalikitsa coagulation nthawi zitsanzo.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwadzidzidzi komanso zoyeserera zambiri zama biochemical, monga ntchito ya chiwindi, ntchito ya impso, lipids m'magazi, shuga wamagazi, ndi zina zambiri. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyesa kufooka kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi, kusanthula kwa mpweya wamagazi, kuyesa kwa hematocrit, ESR ndi kutsimikiza kwachilengedwe konseko. oyenera hemagglutination mayeso.Kuchuluka kwa heparin kungayambitse kuphatikizika kwa leukocyte ndipo sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito powerengera leukocyte.Sikoyenera kwa gulu la leukocyte chifukwa imatha kupanga maziko a kagawo ka magazi opaka utoto wabuluu.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati hemorrheology.Mtundu wa chitsanzo ndi plasma.Mukangotenga magazi, sinthani ndikusakaniza kwa nthawi 5-8.Tengani plasma yapamwamba kuti muyimire.
7. Chivundikiro chamutu chobiriwira cha plasma cholekanitsa chubu
Kuwonjezera heparin lithiamu anticoagulant mu payipi inert kulekana akhoza kukwaniritsa cholinga mofulumira plasma kulekana.Ndilo chisankho chabwino kwambiri pakuzindikira ma electrolyte.Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pozindikira chizolowezi cha plasma biochemical ndi kuzindikira kwadzidzidzi kwa plasma biochemical monga ICU.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwadzidzidzi komanso kuyesera kwa biochemical, monga chiwindi, ntchito ya impso, lipid ya magazi, shuga wa magazi, ndi zina zotero. Zitsanzo za Plasma zikhoza kuikidwa mwachindunji pamakina ndikukhala okhazikika kwa maola 48 pansi pa kusungidwa kozizira.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati hemorrheology.Mtundu wa chitsanzo ndi plasma.Mukangotenga magazi, sinthani ndikusakaniza kwa nthawi 5-8.Tengani plasma yapamwamba kuti muyimire.
8. potaziyamu oxalate / sodium fluoride imvi kapu
Sodium fluoride ndi anticoagulant yofooka.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi potaziyamu oxalate kapena sodium ethyliodate.Gawoli ndi gawo limodzi la sodium fluoride ndi magawo atatu a potaziyamu oxalate.4mg ya kusakaniza kumeneku kungalepheretse 1ml ya magazi kuti isagwirizane ndikulepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa shuga mkati mwa masiku 23.Sitingagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira urea ndi njira ya Urease, komanso kudziwa za alkaline phosphatase ndi amylase.Amalimbikitsidwa kuti azindikire shuga wamagazi.Lili ndi sodium fluoride, potassium oxalate kapena EDTA Na spray, yomwe imatha kulepheretsa ntchito ya enolase mu metabolism ya glucose.Pambuyo pojambula magazi, amasinthidwa ndikusakanikirana kwa nthawi 5-8.Pambuyo pa centrifugation, supernatant ndi plasma zimatengedwa kuti ziyimire.Ndi chubu chapadera chodziwira msanga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
9. EDTA anticoagulation chitoliro chibakuwa kapu
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, molekyulu yolemera 292) ndi mchere wake ndi mtundu wa amino polycarboxylic acid, womwe ndi woyenera pa mayeso ambiri a hematology.Ndilo chubu choyezera chomwe amachikonda pamayendedwe amagazi, hemoglobin ya glycosylated ndi kuyesa kwamagulu amagazi.Sizogwira ntchito pakuyesa kwa coagulation ndi kuyesa kwa mapulateleti, komanso kudziwa kwa calcium ion, potaziyamu ion, sodium ion, ayoni yachitsulo, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase ndi leucine aminopeptidase.Ndizoyenera kuyesa kwa PCR.Utsi 100ml wa 2.7% edta-k2 yankho pa khoma lamkati la vacuum chubu, youma pa 45 ℃, tengani magazi mpaka 2mi, sinthani nthawi yomweyo ndikusakaniza kwa nthawi 5-8 mutatha kujambula magazi, kenako sakanizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito.Mtundu wa chitsanzo ndi magazi athunthu, omwe amafunika kusakanizidwa akagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-29-2022
