Ingqayi yokuqokelela igazi yityhubhu yeglasi yoxinzelelo olulahliweyo enokuthi iqonde ukuqokelela kwegazi.Kufuneka isetyenziswe kunye nenaliti yokuqokelela igazi le-venous.
Umgaqo wokuqokelelwa kwegazi ngevacuum
Umgaqo wokuqokelela igazi kukutsala ityhubhu yokuqokelela igazi enentloko yentloko kwiidigri ezahlukeneyo zevacuum kwangaphambili, sebenzisa uxinzelelo lwayo olubi ukuqokelela ngokuzenzekelayo iisampulu zegazi le-venous, kwaye ufake isiphelo esinye senaliti yokuqokelela igazi kwi-vein yomntu kwaye esinye isiphelo kwiplagi yerabha yetyhubhu yokuqokelela igazi.Igazi le-venous yomntu likwi-vacuum yokuqokelela igazi.Phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo olubi, lumpontshelwa kwisampulu yesampulu yegazi ngenaliti yokuqokelela igazi.Ngaphantsi kwe-venipuncture enye, ingqokelela yetyhubhu eninzi inokufezekiswa ngaphandle kokuvuza.Umthamo we-lumen odibanisa inaliti yokuqokelela igazi incinci kakhulu, ngoko ke impembelelo kumthamo wokuqokelela igazi inokungahoywa, kodwa amathuba okuba i-countercurrent incinci.Ngokomzekelo, umthamo we-lumen uya kudla inxalenye ye-vacuum yesitya sokuqokelela igazi, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa umthamo wokuqokelela.
Ulwahlulo lwemithambo yokuqokelela igazi
Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMzobo 1, kukho iindidi ezili-9 zemithambo yokuqokelela igazi evacuum, enokwahlulwa ngokombala wekhava.
Umzobo we-1 iintlobo zemithambo yokuqokelela igazi
1. i-serum tube eqhelekileyo ikepusi ebomvu
Isitya sokuqokelela igazi asinazo izongezo, akukho anticoagulant kunye neprocoagulant components, ivacuum kuphela.Isetyenziselwa i-serum biochemistry yesiqhelo, ibhanki yegazi kunye novavanyo oluhambelana ne-serology, iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ze-biochemical kunye ne-immunological, ezifana negcushuwa, ubungakanani be-hepatitis B, njl. Akukho mfuneko yokugubha emva kokutsalwa kwegazi.Uhlobo lokulungiselela i-specimen yi-serum.Emva kokutsalwa kwegazi, ifakwa kwi-37 ℃ yokuhlambela amanzi ngaphezulu kwe-30min, i-centrifuged, kwaye i-serum ephezulu isetyenziselwa ukulinda.
2. ikepusi ye-orenji yetyhubhu ye-serum ekhawulezayo
Kukho i-coagulants kwimithambo yokuqokelela igazi ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokudibanisa.Umbhobho we-serum okhawulezayo unokudibanisa igazi eliqokelelweyo phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5.Ifanelekile kuthotho lweemvavanyo ze-serum ezingxamisekileyo.Yeyona nto isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-coagulation ekhuthaza ityhubhu yokuvavanya kwi-biochemistry yemihla ngemihla, i-immunity, i-serum, i-hormone, njl njl emva kokutsalwa kwegazi, inokuguqulwa kwaye ixutywe ngamaxesha angama-5-8.Xa ubushushu begumbi buphantsi, bunokufakwa kwi-37 ℃ yokuhlambela amanzi kwi-10-20min, kwaye i-serum ephezulu inokuthi ifakwe kwi-centrifuged yokulinda.
3. Isigqubuthelo sentloko segolide se-inert esahlula ijeli yokukhawulezisa ityhubhu
Ijeli ye-inert kunye ne-coagulant yongezwa kwisitya sokuqokelela igazi.Lo mzekelo uhleli uzinzile kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kokumiswa kwe-centrifugation.I-coagulant inokukhawuleza isebenze i-coagulation mechanism kwaye ikhawuleze inkqubo yokudibanisa.Uhlobo lwesampulu yi-serum, efanelekileyo kwiimvavanyo ze-serum biochemical kunye ne-pharmacokinetic.Emva kokuqokelela, xuba phezulu phantsi ngamaxesha angama-5-8, yima ngokuthe tye kwi-20-30min, kunye ne-centrifuge i-supernatant yokusetyenziswa.
4. i-cap emnyama ye-sodium citrate ESR test tube
I-concentration efunekayo ye-sodium citrate yovavanyo lwe-ESR yi-3.2% (ilingana ne-0.109mol / l), kwaye umlinganiselo we-anticoagulant kwigazi ngu-1: 4.Iqulethe i-0.4ml ye-3.8% ye-sodium citrate.Tsala igazi kwi-2.0ml.Le yityhubhu ekhethekileyo yokuvavanya ireyithi ye-erythrocyte sedimentation.Uhlobo lwesampulu yiplasma.Ifanelekile kwizinga le-erythrocyte sedimentation.Emva kokutsala igazi, liguqulwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye lixutywe ngamaxesha angama-5-8.Gcoba kakuhle ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.Umahluko phakathi kwayo kunye netyhubhu yovavanyo yovavanyo lwe-coagulation factor kukuba i-concentration ye-anticoagulant ihluke kwinani legazi, elingenako ukudideka.
5. isodium citrate coagulation test tube ukukhanya cap blue
I-sodium citrate idlala indima ye-anticoagulant ikakhulu ngokutshisa nge-calcium ions kwiisampuli zegazi.Ukuxinwa kwe-anticoagulant ekhuthazwa yiKomiti yeSizwe yomgangatho welebhu yekliniki yi-3.2% okanye i-3.8% (ilingana ne-0.109mol / l okanye i-0.129mol / l), kwaye umlinganiselo we-anticoagulant kwigazi ngu-1: 9.Isitya sokuqokelela igazi se-vacuum siqulethe malunga ne-0.2ml ye-3.2% ye-sodium citrate anticoagulant.Igazi liqokelelwa kwi-2.0ml.Uhlobo lolungiselelo lwesampulu ligazi elipheleleyo okanye iplasma.Emva kokuqokelela, iguqulwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ixutywe ngamaxesha angama-5-8.Emva kwe-centrifugation, i-plasma ephezulu ithathwa kwindawo yokulinda.Ilungele uvavanyo lwe-coagulation, i-Pt, i-APTT kunye novavanyo lwe-coagulation factor.
6. heparin anticoagulation tube cap eluhlaza
I-Heparin yongezwa kwisitya sokuqokelela igazi.I-Heparin inefuthe le-antithrombin ngokuthe ngqo, enokwandisa ixesha lokudibanisa iisampuli.Isetyenziswe kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo kunye novavanyo oluninzi lwe-biochemical, ezifana nokusebenza kwesibindi, ukusebenza kwezintso, i-lipid yegazi, i-glucose yegazi, njl. ilungele uvavanyo lwe-hemagglutination.I-heparin egqithisileyo inokubangela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-leukocyte kwaye ayinakusetyenziselwa ukubala i-leukocyte.Ayilulungelanga ulwahlulo lweleukocyte kuba inokwenza imvelaphi yesilayi segazi idayiwe ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.Ingasetyenziselwa ukopha.Uhlobo lwesampulu yiplasma.Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuqokelela igazi, buyisela umva kwaye udibanise ngamaxesha angama-5-8.Thatha iplasma ephezulu ukulinda.
7. Ikhava yentloko eluhlaza eluhlaza yetyhubhu yokwahlukana kweplasma
Ukongeza i-heparin lithium anticoagulant kwi-hose yokuhlukanisa i-inert inokufezekisa injongo yokuhlukana ngokukhawuleza kweplasma.Lolona khetho lulungileyo lokufumanisa i-electrolyte.Ingasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-plasma biochemical yesiqhelo kunye nobhaqo olungxamisekileyo lwe-plasma ye-biochemical efana ne-ICU.Isetyenziswe kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo kunye novavanyo oluninzi lwe-biochemical, ezifana nokusebenza kwesibindi, ukusebenza kwezintso, i-lipid yegazi, i-glucose yegazi, njl.Ingasetyenziselwa ukopha.Uhlobo lwesampulu yiplasma.Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuqokelela igazi, buyisela umva kwaye udibanise ngamaxesha angama-5-8.Thatha iplasma ephezulu ukulinda.
8. i-potassium oxalate / i-sodium fluoride grey cap
I-sodium fluoride yi-anticoagulant ebuthathaka.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswe ngokudibanisa ne-potassium oxalate okanye i-sodium ethyliodate.Umlinganiselo yinxalenye ye-1 ye-sodium fluoride kunye neengxenye ezi-3 ze-potassium oxalate.I-4mg yalo mxube inokuthintela i-1ml yegazi kwi-coagulation kwaye inqanda ukubola kweswekile phakathi kweentsuku ezingama-23.Ayinakusetyenziselwa ukumisela urea ngendlela ye-Urease, okanye i-alkaline phosphatase kunye nokuzimisela kwe-amylase.Kucetyiswa ukuba kufunyaniswe iswekile yegazi.Iqulethe i-sodium fluoride, i-potassium oxalate okanye i-EDTA Na spray, enokuthintela umsebenzi we-enolase kwi-glucose metabolism.Emva komzobo wegazi, uguqulwa kwaye uxutywe ngamaxesha angama-5-8.Emva kwe-centrifugation, i-supernatant kunye ne-plasma ithathwa kwindawo yokulinda.Ingumbhobho okhethekileyo wokumisela ngokukhawuleza kweglucose yegazi.
9. EDTA anticoagulation umbhobho purple cap
I-Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, ubunzima be-molecular 292) kunye netyuwa yayo luhlobo lwe-amino polycarboxylic acid, efanelekileyo kwiimvavanyo ze-hematology jikelele.Yeyona tyhubhu yovavanyo ekhethwayo yesiqhelo segazi, i-glycosylated hemoglobin kunye novavanyo lweqela legazi.Ayinakusebenza kuvavanyo lwe-coagulation kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi weplatelet, okanye ukuzimisela kwe-calcium ion, i-potassium ion, i-sodium ion, i-iron ion, i-alkaline phosphatase, i-creatine kinase kunye ne-leucine aminopeptidase.Ilungele uvavanyo lwePCR.Tshafa nge-100ml yesisombululo se-2.7% se-edta-k2 kudonga lwangaphakathi lwetyhubhu yokufunxa, vuthela ku-45 ℃, uthathe igazi ukuya ku-2mi, ujike ngokukhawuleza kwaye ulixube amaxesha angama-5-8 emva kokutsalwa kwegazi, kwaye emva koko ulixube ukuze ulisebenzise.Uhlobo lwesampulu ligazi elipheleleyo, ekufuneka lixutywe xa lisetyenziswa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-29-2022
