ʻO ka moku hōʻiliʻili koko ʻo ia kahi puʻupuʻu aniani ʻeleʻele maikaʻi ʻole e hiki ke ʻike i ka nui o ka hōʻiliʻili koko.Pono e hoʻohana pū me ka nila venous blood collection.
Kumu o ka ohi koko vacuum
ʻO ke kumu o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ke koko, ʻo ia ke huki ʻana i ka paipu hōʻiliʻili koko me ka pāpale poʻo i nā degere ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe ma mua, e hoʻohana i kāna kaomi maikaʻi ʻole e hōʻiliʻili i nā ʻāpana koko venous, a hoʻokomo i kahi kihi o ka nila hōʻiliʻili koko i loko o ke kino kanaka. ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe i loko o ka pahu hao o ka paipu hōʻiliʻili koko.Aia ke koko venous kanaka i loko o ka ipu ohi koko.Ma lalo o ka hana a ke kaomi ʻino, hoʻomake ʻia ʻo ia i loko o ka ipu koko ma o ka nila hōʻiliʻili koko.Ma lalo o hoʻokahi venipuncture, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka nui me ka leakage.He liʻiliʻi loa ka nui o ka lumen e pili ana i ka nila hōʻiliʻili koko, no laila hiki ke nānā ʻole ʻia ka hopena i ka nui o ka hōʻiliʻili koko, akā liʻiliʻi ke ʻano o ka countercurrent.No ka laʻana, e hoʻopau ka nui o ka lumen i kahi ʻāpana o ka vacuum o ka moku hōʻiliʻili koko, pēlā e hoʻemi ai i ka nui o ka hōʻiliʻili.
Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko koko
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Figure 1, aia he 9 mau ʻano o nā kīʻaha koko ʻokoʻa, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e like me ke kala o ka uhi.
Kiʻi 1 nā ʻano o nā kīʻaha koko ohi
1. maʻamau serum paipu ulaula pāpale
ʻAʻohe mea hoʻohui i loko o ka moku hōʻiliʻili koko, ʻaʻohe mea anticoagulant a me procoagulant, ʻo ka vacuum wale nō.Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka biochemistry serum maʻamau, panakō koko a me nā hoʻokolohua pili i ka serology, nā ʻano hoʻokolohua biochemical a me ka immunological, e like me syphilis, hepatitis B quantification, etc.ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻomākaukau specimen he serum.Ma hope o ke kiʻi ʻana i ke koko, hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻauʻau wai 37 ℃ no ka ʻoi aku o 30min, centrifuged, a hoʻohana ʻia ka serum luna no ka standby.
2. pāpale ʻalani o ka paipu serum wikiwiki
Aia nā coagulants i loko o nā moku hōʻiliʻili koko e hoʻolōʻihi i ke kaʻina coagulation.Hiki i ka paipu serum wikiwiki ke coagulate i ke koko i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o 5 mau minuke.He kūpono ia no nā ho'āʻo serum pilikia.ʻO ia ka coagulation i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e hoʻolaha i ka paipu hōʻike no kēlā me kēia lā biochemistry, immunity, serum, hormones, etc. ma hope o ke kiʻi koko, hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia a hui ʻia no nā manawa 5-8.Ke haʻahaʻa ka lumi lumi, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi ʻauʻau wai 37 ℃ no 10-20min, a hiki ke centrifuged ka serum luna no ka standby.
3. uhi poʻo gula o ka inert separating gel accelerating tube
Hoʻohui ʻia ka gel inert a me ka coagulant i ka ipu ʻohi koko.Ua kūpaʻa ka specimen i loko o 48 mau hola ma hope o ka centrifugation.Hiki i ka coagulant ke hoʻoikaika koke i ka mīkini coagulation a hoʻolōʻihi i ka hana coagulation.ʻO ke ʻano laʻana he serum, kūpono ia no ka hoʻāʻo biochemical serum pilikia a me ka pharmacokinetic.Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, hui ʻia i luna i lalo no 5-8 mau manawa, kū pololei no 20-30min, a centrifuge i ka supernatant no ka hoʻohana.
4. ʻeleʻele o ka sodium citrate ESR pahu ho'āʻo
ʻO ka manaʻo pono o ka sodium citrate no ka hoʻāʻo ESR he 3.2% (e like me 0.109mol/l), a ʻo ka ratio o ka anticoagulant i ke koko he 1:4.Loaʻa iā 0.4ml o 3.8% sodium citrate.E huki koko i ka 2.0ml.He paipu ho'āʻo kūikawā kēia no ka helu erythrocyte sedimentation rate.ʻO ke ʻano hoʻohālike he plasma.He kūpono ia no ka erythrocyte sedimentation rate.Ma hope o ke huki ʻana i ke koko, hoʻohuli koke ʻia a hui pū ʻia no 5-8 mau manawa.E lulu maikaʻi ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ia a me ka paipu hoʻāʻo no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka coagulation factor he ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka anticoagulant mai ka hapa o ke koko, ʻaʻole hiki ke huikau.
5. ka sodium citrate coagulation ho'āʻo paipu polū polū
Hoʻokani ka sodium citrate i kahi hana anticoagulant ma o ka chelating me nā ion calcium i nā laʻana koko.ʻO ka manaʻo o ka anticoagulant i ʻōlelo ʻia e ke Kōmike Lahui no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke keʻena lapaʻau he 3.2% a i ʻole 3.8% (e like me 0.109mol/l a i ʻole 0.129mol/l), a ʻo ka ratio o ka anticoagulant i ke koko he 1:9.Aia ma kahi o 0.2ml o ka 3.2% sodium citrate anticoagulant i loko o ka ipu ʻohi koko.ʻOhi ʻia ke koko i 2.0ml.ʻO ke ʻano hoʻomākaukau laʻana he koko holoʻokoʻa a i ʻole plasma.Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, hoʻohuli koke ʻia a hui ʻia no 5-8 mau manawa.Ma hope o ka centrifugation, lawe ʻia ka plasma luna no ke kū.He kūpono ia no ka hoʻāʻo coagulation, Pt, APTT a me ka coagulation factor test.
6. heparin anticoagulation paipu 'ōmaʻomaʻo pāpale
Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Heparin i ka ipu ʻohi koko.Loaʻa iā Heparin ka hopena o ka antithrombin pololei, hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa coagulation o nā laʻana.Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka pilikia a me ka hapa nui o nā hoʻokolohua biochemical, e like me ka hana o ke akepaʻa, ka hana ʻānai, ka lipid koko, ka glucose koko, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ua pili ia i ka hoʻāʻo fragility o ke koko ʻulaʻula, ka nānā ʻana i ke kinoea koko, ka hoʻāʻo hematocrit, ESR a me ka hoʻoholo biochemical maʻamau, ʻaʻole. kūpono no ka ho'āʻo hemagglutination.Hiki i ka heparin nui ke hoʻohui i nā leukocyte a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka helu leukocyte.ʻAʻole kūpono ia no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā leukocyte no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hana i ke kua o ka ʻāpana koko i honi ʻia i uliuli māmā.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hemorrhoids.ʻO ke ʻano hoʻohālike he plasma.Ma hope koke o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ke koko, hoʻohuli a hui ʻia no 5-8 mau manawa.E lawe i ka plasma luna no ke kū.
7. uhi poʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā o ka paipu hoʻokaʻawale plasma
ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka heparin lithium anticoagulant i loko o ka hose hoʻokaʻawale inert hiki ke hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka hoʻokaʻawale plasma wikiwiki.ʻO ia ka koho maikaʻi loa no ka ʻike electrolyte.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike biochemical plasma maʻamau a me ka ʻike biochemical plasma pilikia e like me ICU.Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka pilikia a me ka hapa nui o nā hoʻokolohua biochemical, e like me ka hana o ke ake, ka hana kīkī, ka lipid koko, ka glucose koko, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke kau pololei ʻia nā laʻana plasma ma ka mīkini a mālama ʻia no nā hola 48 ma lalo o ka mālama anuanu.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hemorrhoids.ʻO ke ʻano hoʻohālike he plasma.Ma hope koke o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ke koko, hoʻohuli a hui ʻia no 5-8 mau manawa.E lawe i ka plasma luna no ke kū.
8. pāpaʻa oxalate / sodium fluoride poʻo hina hina
ʻO ka sodium fluoride kahi anticoagulant nāwaliwali.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia me ka potassium oxalate a i ʻole ka sodium ethyliodate.ʻO ka ʻāpana he 1 ʻāpana o ka sodium fluoride a me 3 ʻāpana o ka potassium oxalate.Hiki i ka 4mg o kēia hui ke pale i ka 1ml o ke koko mai ka coagulation a pale i ka decomposition kō i loko o 23 mau lā.ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka urea e ke ʻano Urease, ʻaʻole no ka alkaline phosphatase a me ka hoʻoholo amylase.Manaʻo ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana i ka glucose koko.Loaʻa iā ia ka sodium fluoride, potassium oxalate a i ʻole EDTA Na spray, hiki ke kāohi i ka hana enolase i ka metabolism glucose.Ma hope o ke huki koko, hoʻohuli ʻia a hui pū ʻia no 5-8 mau manawa.Ma hope o ka centrifugation, lawe ʻia ka supernatant a me ka plasma no ka standby.He paipu kūikawā no ka hoʻoholo wikiwiki ʻana i ka glucose koko.
9. EDTA anticoagulation paipu poni pāpale
ʻO Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, molecular weight 292) a me kāna paʻakai he ʻano amino polycarboxylic acid, kūpono ia no nā hoʻokolohua hematology maʻamau.ʻO ia ka paipu hoʻāʻo i makemake ʻia no ka maʻamau koko, glycosylated hemoglobin a me nā hoʻāʻo pūʻulu koko.ʻAʻole pili ia i ka hoʻāʻo coagulation a me ka platelet function test, ʻaʻole i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka calcium ion, potassium ion, sodium ion, iron ion, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase a me leucine aminopeptidase.He kūpono ia no ka ho'āʻo PCR.E kāpīpī i ka 100ml o ka solution 2.7%edta-k2 ma ka paia o loko o ka pahu hau, e puhi maloʻo ma 45 ℃, e lawe i ke koko i 2mi, e hoʻohuli koke a hui ʻia no 5-8 mau manawa ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana o ke koko, a laila hui ʻia no ka hoʻohana.ʻO ke ʻano laʻana he koko holoʻokoʻa, pono e hui ʻia ke hoʻohana ʻia.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-29-2022
