Isitsha sokuqoqa igazi se-vacuum iyishubhu yengilazi ye-vacuum ye-pressure negative ekwazi ukubona ukuqoqwa kwegazi eliningi.Kudingeka kusetshenziswe kanye nenaliti yokuqoqa igazi le-venous.
Isimiso sokuqoqa igazi le-vacuum
Umgomo wokuqoqa igazi le-vacuum ukudweba ishubhu lokuqoqa igazi elinekepisi lekhanda kumadigri e-vacuum ahlukene kusenesikhathi, usebenzise umfutho walo ongemuhle ukuze uqoqe amasampula egazi le-venous ngokuzenzakalelayo nangomthamo, bese ufaka umkhawulo owodwa wenaliti yokuqoqa igazi emthanjeni womuntu futhi esinye isiphetho kupulaki yerabha yeshubhu yokuqoqa igazi levacuum.Igazi le-venous yomuntu lisemkhunjini wokuqoqa igazi.Ngaphansi kwesenzo somfutho ongemuhle, iphonswa esitsheni sesampula yegazi ngenaliti yokuqoqa igazi.Ngaphansi kwe-venipuncture eyodwa, ukuqoqwa kwamashubhu amaningi kungenziwa ngaphandle kokuvuza.Umthamo we-lumen oxhuma inaliti yokuqoqa igazi mncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke umthelela wevolumu yokuqoqwa kwegazi unganakwa, kodwa amathuba okuba ne-countercurrent mancane kakhulu.Isibonelo, ivolumu ye-lumen izodla ingxenye ye-vacuum yomkhumbi wokuqoqa igazi, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise umthamo wokuqoqwa.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemithambo ye-vacuum yokuqoqa igazi
Njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1, kunezinhlobo ezingu-9 zemithambo yokuqoqa igazi evacuum, engahlukaniswa ngokombala wekhava.
Umfanekiso 1 izinhlobo zemithambo yokuqoqa igazi evacuum
1. common serum tube cap ebomvu
Umkhumbi wokuqoqa igazi awunazo izithasiselo, azikho izingxenye ze-anticoagulant kanye ne-procoagulant, i-vacuum kuphela.Isetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kwe-serum biochemistry, ibhange legazi kanye nokuhlolwa okuhlobene ne-serology, ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwe-biochemical kanye ne-immunology, njenge-syphilis, i-hepatitis B quantification, njll. ayidingi ukuzamazama ngemva kokudweba igazi.Uhlobo lokulungiswa kwesifanekiso yi-serum.Ngemuva kokudonsa igazi, lifakwa ku-37 ℃ okugeza ngamanzi isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30, i-centrifuged, bese i-serum engenhla isetshenziselwa ukulinda.
2. Ikepisi eliwolintshi leshubhu ye-serum esheshayo
Kukhona ama-coagulant emithanjeni yokuqoqa igazi ukusheshisa inqubo yokuxhuma.Ishubhu le-serum elisheshayo lingakwazi ukubopha igazi eliqoqiwe phakathi nemizuzu emi-5.Ilungele uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ze-serum eziphuthumayo.Kuyi-coagulation evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekhuthaza ithubhu yokuhlola ye-biochemistry yansuku zonke, ukungatheleleki, i-serum, amahomoni, njll. ngemva kokudweba igazi, ingahlehliswa futhi ixutshwe izikhathi ezingu-5-8.Uma izinga lokushisa legumbi liphansi, lingafakwa kubhavu wamanzi we-37 ℃ i-10-20min, futhi i-serum engaphezulu ingaba i-centrifuged yokulinda.
3. Isembozo sekhanda legolide leshubhu esheshayo ehlukanisayo ijeli
Ijeli ye-inert kanye ne-coagulant yengezwe emkhunjini wokuqoqa igazi.Isifanekiso sahlala sizinzile phakathi namahora angu-48 ngemva kokumiswa kwe-centrifugation.I-coagulant ingakwazi ukwenza kusebenze ngokushesha umshini we-coagulation futhi isheshise inqubo ye-coagulation.Uhlobo lwesampula yi-serum, elungele ukuhlolwa okuphuthumayo kwe-serum biochemical kanye ne-pharmacokinetic.Ngemuva kokuqoqwa, hlanganisa ubheke phansi izikhathi ezi-5-8, ume uqonde imizuzu engama-20-30, bese ubeka i-supernatant ukuze uyisebenzise.
4. i-cap emnyama ye-sodium citrate ESR test tube
I-concentration edingekayo ye-sodium citrate yokuhlolwa kwe-ESR ngu-3.2% (okulingana no-0.109mol/l), kanti isilinganiso se-anticoagulant negazi ngu-1:4.Iqukethe u-0.4ml we-3.8% ye-sodium citrate.Dweba igazi libe ngu-2.0ml.Leli ishubhu elikhethekile lokuhlola izinga le-erythrocyte sedimentation.Uhlobo lwesampula yi-plasma.Ilungele izinga le-erythrocyte sedimentation.Ngemuva kokudonsa igazi, lihlehliswa ngokushesha futhi lixutshwe izikhathi ezingu-5-8.Shake kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.Umehluko phakathi kwayo neshubhu lokuhlola lokuhlolwa kwe-coagulation factor ukuthi ukugcwala kwe-anticoagulant kuhlukile engxenyeni yegazi, engenakudideka.
5. i-sodium citrate coagulation test tube light cap blue cap
I-sodium citrate idlala indima ye-anticoagulant ikakhulukazi ngokuchela nge-calcium ions kumasampula egazi.Ukugcwala kwe-anticoagulant okutuswe yiKomidi Likazwelonke lokumiswa kwelabhoratri yomtholampilo ngu-3.2% noma u-3.8% (okulingana no-0.109mol/l noma 0.129mol/l), kanti isilinganiso se-anticoagulant negazi singu-1:9.Umkhumbi wokuqoqa igazi wevacuum uqukethe cishe u-0.2ml we-3.2% ye-sodium citrate anticoagulant.Igazi liqoqwa libe ngu-2.0ml.Uhlobo lokulungiselela isampula yigazi eliphelele noma i-plasma.Ngemuva kokuqoqwa, ihlehliswa ngokushesha futhi ixutshwe izikhathi ezingama-5-8.Ngemuva kwe-centrifugation, i-plasma ephezulu ithathwa ngokubekwe eceleni.Ilungele ukuhlolwa kwe-coagulation, i-Pt, i-APTT kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-coagulation factor.
6. i-heparin anticoagulation tube cap eluhlaza
I-Heparin yengezwe emkhunjini wokuqoqa igazi.I-Heparin inomphumela we-antithrombin ngokuqondile, engandisa isikhathi sokuhlangana kwamasampula.Isetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo kanye nokuhlolwa okuningi kwe-biochemical, njengokusebenza kwesibindi, ukusebenza kwezinso, i-lipid yegazi, ushukela wegazi, njll. Isebenza ekuhlolweni kobuthakathaka bengqamuzana ebomvu, ukuhlaziya igesi yegazi, ukuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit, i-ESR kanye nokunqunywa kwe-biochemical okuvamile, hhayi ilungele ukuhlolwa kwe-hemagglutination.I-heparin eyeqile ingabangela ukuhlangana kwe-leukocyte futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukubala i-leukocyte.Ayilungele ukuhlukaniswa kwe-leukocyte ngoba ingenza ingemuva legazi elidaywe libe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.Ingasetshenziselwa ukopha igazi.Uhlobo lwesampula yi-plasma.Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqoqwa kwegazi, buyisela emuva bese uxuba izikhathi ezingu-5-8.Thatha i-plasma ephezulu ngokubekwe eceleni.
7. Isembozo sekhanda esiluhlaza esikhanyayo seshubhu lokuhlukanisa i-plasma
Ukwengeza i-heparin lithium anticoagulant ku-hose yokuhlukanisa i-inert kungafinyelela inhloso yokuhlukaniswa kwe-plasma ngokushesha.Kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu sokutholwa kwe-electrolyte.Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukutholwa kwamakhemikhali e-plasma biochemical kanye nokutholwa kwamakhemikhali e-plasma esimo esiphuthumayo njenge-ICU.Isetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo kanye nokuhlolwa okuningi kwe-biochemical, njengokusebenza kwesibindi, ukusebenza kwezinso, i-lipid yegazi, i-glucose yegazi, njll. Amasampula e-plasma angafakwa ngokuqondile emshinini futhi agcinwe ezinzile amahora angu-48 ngaphansi kwesitoreji esibandayo.Ingasetshenziselwa ukopha igazi.Uhlobo lwesampula yi-plasma.Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqoqwa kwegazi, buyisela emuva bese uxuba izikhathi ezingu-5-8.Thatha i-plasma ephezulu ngokubekwe eceleni.
8. i-potassium oxalate / i-sodium fluoride grey cap
I-sodium fluoride iyi-anticoagulant ebuthakathaka.Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngokuhambisana ne-potassium oxalate noma i-sodium ethyliodate.Ingxenye iyingxenye engu-1 ye-sodium fluoride nezingxenye ezi-3 ze-potassium oxalate.I-4mg yale ngxube ingavimbela u-1ml wegazi ukuthi ungahlangani futhi ivimbele ukubola koshukela zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-23.Angeke isetshenziselwe ukunqunywa kwe-urea ngendlela ye-Urease, noma ekunqumeni i-alkaline phosphatase ne-amylase.Kunconywa ukutholwa kweglucose yegazi.Iqukethe i-sodium fluoride, i-potassium oxalate noma i-EDTA Na spray, engavimbela umsebenzi we-enalase ku-glucose metabolism.Ngemuva kokudweba igazi, lihlehliswa futhi lixutshwe izikhathi ezingu-5-8.Ngemuva kwe-centrifugation, i-supernatant ne-plasma kuthathwa njengokubekwe eceleni.Kuyishubhu elikhethekile lokunquma ngokushesha i-glucose yegazi.
9. I-EDTA anticoagulation pipe cap purple
I-Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, isisindo samangqamuzana angu-292) kanye nosawoti wayo kuwuhlobo lwe-amino polycarboxylic acid, elungele ukuhlolwa kwe-hematology evamile.Kuyishubhu lokuhlola elincanyelwayo lohlelo lwegazi, i-glycosylated hemoglobin kanye nokuhlolwa kweqembu legazi.Ayisebenzi ekuhlolweni kwe-coagulation kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kweplatelet, noma ekunqumeni i-calcium ion, i-potassium ion, i-sodium ion, i-iron ion, i-alkaline phosphatase, i-creatine kinase ne-leucine aminopeptidase.Ilungele ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR.Fafaza u-100ml wesisombululo esingu-2.7% se-edta-k2 odongeni lwangaphakathi lweshubhu ye-vacuum, uphephethe ku-45 ℃, thatha igazi liye ku-2mi, uhlehlise ngokushesha futhi ulixube izikhathi ezingu-5-8 ngemva kokudonsa igazi, bese ulixuba ukuze ulisebenzise.Uhlobo lwesampula yigazi eliphelele, elidinga ukuxutshwa uma lisetshenziswa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-29-2022
