Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntsig txog kev txhawb nqa coagulation

Anticoagulant txoj cai thiab kev siv cov tshuaj anticoagulants

1. Heparin yog cov tshuaj anticoagulant nyiam rau kev kuaj ntshav cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg.Heparin yog ib qho mucopolysaccharide uas muaj sulfate pawg, thiab qhov nruab nrab molecular hnyav ntawm lub dispersed theem yog 15000. Nws anticoagulation txoj cai yog tsuas yog ua ke nrog antithrombin III ua rau cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub configuration ntawm antithrombin III thiab accelerate lub tsim ntawm thrombin thrombin complex los tsim anticoagulation. .Tsis tas li ntawd, heparin tuaj yeem inhibit thrombin nrog kev pab ntawm plasma cofactor (heparin cofactor II).Feem ntau heparin anticoagulants yog sodium, potassium, lithium thiab ammonium ntsev ntawm heparin, ntawm cov lithium heparin yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis nws cov nqi yog kim.Sodium thiab potassium ntsev yuav ua rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm sodium thiab potassium hauv cov ntshav, thiab ammonium ntsev yuav ua rau kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm urea nitrogen.Qhov ntau npaum ntawm heparin rau anticoagulation feem ntau yog 10. 0 ~ 12.5 IU / ml ntshav.Heparin muaj kev cuam tshuam tsawg rau cov ntshav cov khoom, tsis cuam tshuam rau lub ntim ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, thiab tsis ua rau hemolysis.Nws yog tsim rau kev kuaj cell permeability, ntshav roj, plasma permeability, hematocrit thiab kev txiav txim siab biochemical.Txawm li cas los xij, heparin muaj cov nyhuv antithrombin thiab tsis haum rau kev kuaj ntshav coagulation.Tsis tas li ntawd, heparin ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau leukocyte aggregation thiab thrombocytopenia, yog li nws tsis tsim nyog rau kev faib cov leukocyte thiab platelet suav, thiab tsis yog rau kev kuaj hemostasis Tsis tas li ntawd, heparin anticoagulation tsis tuaj yeem siv los ua cov ntshav smears, vim tias cov xim xiav tsaus tshwm tom qab Wright staining. , uas cuam tshuam qhov txo qis ntawm microscopic ntau lawm.Heparin anticoagulation yuav tsum tau siv rau lub sijhawm luv luv, txwv tsis pub cov ntshav tuaj yeem coagulate tom qab muab tso rau ntev heev.

2. EDTA ntsev.EDTA tuaj yeem ua ke nrog Ca2 + hauv cov ntshav los tsim cov chelate.Cov txheej txheem coagulation raug thaiv thiab cov ntshav tsis tuaj yeem coagulate EDTA ntsev xws li poov tshuaj, sodium thiab lithium ntsev.Lub International Hematology Standardization Committee pom zoo kom siv EDTA-K2, uas muaj cov solubility siab tshaj plaws thiab ceev tshaj anticoagulation ceev.EDTA ntsev feem ntau yog npaj rau hauv cov tshuaj aqueous nrog ib feem ntawm 15%.Ntxiv 1.2mgEDTA ib ml ntawm cov ntshav, uas yog, ntxiv 0.04ml ntawm 15% EDTA tov rau 5ml ntawm cov ntshav.EDTA ntsev tuaj yeem qhuav ntawm 100 ℃, thiab nws cov nyhuv anticoagulation tseem tsis hloov pauv EDTA ntsev tsis cuam tshuam rau cov qe ntshav dawb suav thiab qhov loj me, muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm morphology ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, inhibits platelet aggregation, thiab tsim nyog rau kev hematological. kuaj pom.Yog tias qhov concentration ntawm anticoagulant siab dhau lawm, lub siab osmotic yuav nce, uas yuav ua rau lub cell shrinkage Lub pH ntawm EDTA tov muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog ntsev, thiab pH tsawg tuaj yeem ua rau cov cell expansion.EDTA-K2 tuaj yeem nthuav dav me ntsis ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, thiab qhov nruab nrab platelet ntim hauv lub sijhawm luv luv tom qab sau cov ntshav tsis ruaj khov thiab zoo li ruaj khov tom qab ib nrab teev.EDTA-K2 txo qis Ca2+, Mg2+, creatine kinase thiab alkaline phosphatase.Qhov zoo tshaj plaws concentration ntawm EDTA-K2 yog 1. 5mg / ml ntshav.Yog tias muaj cov ntshav me me, neutrophils yuav o, lobulate thiab ploj mus, platelets yuav o thiab tawg, ua cov kab mob ntawm cov platelets ib txwm, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev ua yuam kev hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig EDTA ntsev tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lossis cuam tshuam nrog polymerization ntawm fibrin monomers thaum tsim. ntawm fibrin clots, uas tsis haum rau kev kuaj ntshav coagulation thiab platelet muaj nuj nqi, los yog kev txiav txim siab ntawm calcium, potassium, sodium thiab nitrogenous tshuaj.Tsis tas li ntawd, EDTA tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm qee cov enzymes thiab inhibit lupus erythematosus yam, yog li nws tsis haum rau kev ua cov tshuaj histochemical staining thiab kuaj ntshav smear ntawm lupus erythematosus hlwb.

3. Citrate feem ntau yog sodium citrate.Nws txoj cai anticoagulation yog tias nws tuaj yeem ua ke nrog Ca2 + hauv cov ntshav los tsim cov chelate, kom Ca2 + poob nws txoj haujlwm coagulation thiab cov txheej txheem coagulation raug thaiv, yog li tiv thaiv cov ntshav coagulation.Sodium citrate muaj ob hom crystals, Na3C6H5O7 · 2H2O thiab 2Na3C6H5O7 · 11H2O, feem ntau yog 3.8% lossis 3 nrog cov qub.2% aqueous tov, tov nrog ntshav hauv 1: 9 ntim.Feem ntau cov kev kuaj coagulation tuaj yeem tiv thaiv coagulated nrog sodium citrate, uas yuav pab tau rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm yam V thiab yam VIII, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis ntawm qhov nruab nrab platelet ntim thiab lwm yam coagulation, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev soj ntsuam platelet ua haujlwm.Sodium citrate muaj tsawg dua cytotoxicity thiab tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv kho ntshav hauv cov ntshav.Txawm li cas los xij, sodium citrate 6mg tuaj yeem tiv thaiv coagulate 1ml ntshav, uas yog alkaline, thiab tsis haum rau kev soj ntsuam ntshav thiab kuaj biochemical.