Amahame yibanze ajyanye no kuzamura coagulation

Ihame rya anticoagulant no gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana

1. Heparin ni anticoagulant ikunzwe kugirango hamenyekane imiti yamaraso.Heparin ni mucopolysaccharide irimo sulfate, kandi impuzandengo yuburemere bwa molekuline yicyiciro cyatatanye ni 15000. Ihame ryayo rya anticoagulation ni uguhuza cyane na antithrombine III kugirango itere impinduka muburyo bwa antithrombine III no kwihutisha ishingwa rya trombine trombine kugirango itange anticoagulation .Byongeye kandi, heparin irashobora guhagarika trombine hifashishijwe plasma cofactor (heparin cofactor II).Indwara ya heparin isanzwe ni sodium, potasiyumu, lithium na amonium umunyu wa heparin, muri yo harimo lithium heparin nziza, ariko igiciro cyayo gihenze.Umunyu wa Sodium na potasiyumu bizongera ibirimo sodium na potasiyumu mu maraso, naho umunyu wa amonium uzongerera azote ya urea.Igipimo cya heparin yo kurwanya anticoagulation ni 10. 0 ～ 12.5 Amaraso ya IU / ml.Heparin ntigira uruhare runini mu bigize amaraso, ntabwo igira ingaruka ku mubare w'uturemangingo dutukura, kandi ntabwo itera hemolysis.Irakwiriye kwipimisha ingirabuzimafatizo, gaze yamaraso, plasma yinjira, hematocrit hamwe no kumenya ibinyabuzima muri rusange.Nyamara, heparin igira ingaruka za antithrombine kandi ntabwo ikwiriye kwipimisha amaraso.Byongeye kandi, heparin ikabije irashobora gutera leukocyte igiteranyo hamwe na trombocytopenia, ntabwo rero ikwiriye gushyirwa mu byiciro bya leukocyte no kubara platelet, cyangwa no gupima hemostasis Byongeye kandi, anticoagulation ya heparin ntishobora gukoreshwa mu gusiga amaraso, kubera ko ibara ry'ubururu ryijimye rigaragara nyuma ya Wright yanduye. , bigira ingaruka ku kugabanya umusaruro wa microscopique.Heparin anticoagulation igomba gukoreshwa mugihe gito, bitabaye ibyo amaraso arashobora gukwirakwira nyuma yo gushyirwa igihe kirekire

2. Umunyu wa EDTA.EDTA irashobora guhuza na Ca2 + mumaraso kugirango ikore chelate.Inzira ya coagulation irahagaritswe kandi amaraso ntashobora guhunika umunyu wa EDTA harimo potasiyumu, sodium na lithium.Komite mpuzamahanga ishinzwe ubuvuzi bwa Hematologiya irasaba ko hakoreshwa EDTA-K2, ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi ikihuta cyane.Umunyu wa EDTA mubusanzwe utegurwa mugisubizo cyamazi hamwe nigice cya 15%.Ongeramo 1.2mgEDTA kuri ml yamaraso, ni ukuvuga, ongeramo 0.04ml yumuti wa 15% EDTA kuri 5ml yamaraso.Umunyu wa EDTA urashobora gukama kuri 100 and, kandi ingaruka za anticoagulation ntizigihinduka umunyu wa EDTA ntugira ingaruka kumubare wamaraso yera nubunini, bigira ingaruka nkeya kuri morphologie yama selile yumutuku, bikabuza kwegeranya platine, kandi bikwiranye na hematologiya rusange. gutahura.Niba intungamubiri za anticoagulant ari nyinshi cyane, umuvuduko wa osmotic uziyongera, bizatera kugabanuka kwingirangingo pH yumuti wa EDTA ufite isano ikomeye numunyu, kandi pH nkeya irashobora kwaguka kwingirabuzimafatizo.EDTA-K2 irashobora kwagura gato ingano yama selile yumutuku, kandi impuzandengo ya platine mugihe gito nyuma yo gukusanya amaraso ntigihungabana cyane kandi ikunda guhagarara nyuma yigice cyisaha.EDTA-K2 yagabanutse Ca2 +, Mg2 +, creatine kinase na fosifata ya alkaline.Ubushuhe bwiza bwa EDTA-K2 bwari 1. 5mg / ml.Niba hari amaraso make, neutrophile izabyimba, ihindagurika kandi irazimangana, platine izabyimba kandi isenyuke, itanga ibice bya platine isanzwe, ibyo bikazana amakosa mubisubizo byisesengura umunyu wa EDTA urashobora kubuza cyangwa kubangamira polymerisation ya fibrin monomers mugihe cyo gushinga by'imitsi ya fibrin, idakwiriye gutahura amaraso ya coagulation n'imikorere ya platel, cyangwa no kumenya calcium, potasiyumu, sodium na azote.Byongeye kandi, EDTA irashobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere ya enzymes zimwe na zimwe ikabuza lupus erythematosus, kubwibyo ntibikwiye gukora irangi rya histochemiki no gusuzuma amaraso yama selile ya lupus erythematosus.

3. Citrate ni citrate ya sodium.Ihame ryayo ryo kurwanya anticoagulation ni uko ishobora guhuza na Ca2 + mu maraso kugira ngo ikore chelate, ku buryo Ca2 + itakaza imikorere ya coagulation kandi inzira ya coagulation ikabuzwa, bityo bikarinda gutembera kw'amaraso.Sodium citrate ifite ubwoko bubiri bwa kristu, Na3C6H5O7 · 2H2O na 2Na3C6H5O7 · 11H2O, mubisanzwe 3,8% cyangwa 3 hamwe nabambere.2% igisubizo cyamazi, kivanze namaraso mubunini bwa 1: 9.Ibizamini byinshi bya coagulation birashobora kwangizwa na citrate ya sodium, ifasha muguhagarara kwikintu cya V nimpamvu ya VIII, kandi ntigire ingaruka nke kumubare wikigereranyo cya platel hamwe nibindi bintu bya coagulation, bityo birashobora gukoreshwa mugusesengura imikorere ya platine.Sodium citrate ifite cytotoxicity nkeya kandi ni kimwe mu bigize amazi yo kubungabunga amaraso mu guterwa amaraso.Nyamara, sodium citrate 6mg irashobora kurwanya maraso 1ml, alkaline ikomeye, kandi ntabwo ikwiriye gusesengura amaraso no gupima ibinyabuzima.