Echiche ndị bụ isi metụtara nkwalite coagulation

Ụkpụrụ mgbochi na itinye ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa nkịtị

1. Heparin bụ anticoagulant kacha mma maka ịchọpụta ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ ọbara.Heparin bụ mucopolysaccharide nwere sulfate otu, na nkezi molekụla arọ nke ndị gbasasịrị agbasasị bụ 15000. Usoro mgbochi ya bụ isi iji jikọta ya na antithrombin III iji mee mgbanwe na nhazi nke antithrombin III ma mee ka nhazi nke thrombin thrombin dị mgbagwoju anya iji mepụta ọgwụ mgbochi. .Na mgbakwunye, heparin nwere ike igbochi thrombin site n'enyemaka nke cofactor plasma (heparin cofactor II).Heparin anticoagulants ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ sodium, potassium, lithium na ammonium salts nke heparin, nke lithium heparin kacha mma, mana ọnụahịa ya dị oke ọnụ.Sodium na potassium salts ga-amụba ọdịnaya nke sodium na potassium n'ime ọbara, na ammonium salts ga-amụba ọdịnaya nke urea nitrogen.Usoro onunu ogwu nke heparin maka anticoagulation na-abụkarị 10.0 ~ 12.5 IU / ml.Heparin nwere obere nnyonye anya na ihe mejupụtara ọbara, anaghị emetụta olu nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie, ọ naghị ebute hemolysis.Ọ dabara adaba maka nnwale permeability cell, gas ọbara, permeability plasma, hematocrit na mkpebi biochemical izugbe.Otú ọ dị, heparin nwere mmetụta antithrombin ma ọ dịghị mma maka nyocha coagulation ọbara.Na mgbakwunye, oke heparin nwere ike ime ka nchịkọta leukocyte na thrombocytopenia, ya mere, ọ dịghị mma maka nhazi nke leukocyte na ọnụ ọgụgụ platelet, ma ọ bụ maka ule hemostasis Na mgbakwunye, a pụghị iji ọgwụ anticoagulation heparin mee ka ọbara smears, n'ihi na ọchịchịrị na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-apụta mgbe Wright gachara. , nke na-emetụta mbelata mmepụta microscopic.Ekwesịrị iji ọgwụ mgbochi heparin mee ihe maka obere oge, ma ọ bụghị ya, ọbara nwere ike ịgbakọta mgbe etinyere ya ogologo oge.

2. EDTA nnu.EDTA nwere ike ijikọ na Ca2 + n'ime ọbara iji mepụta chelate.A na-egbochi usoro coagulation na ọbara enweghị ike ịchịkọta nnu EDTA gụnyere potassium, sodium na lithium salts.Kọmitii Standardization Hematology International na-atụ aro ka a na-eji EDTA-K2, nke nwere ihe solubility kachasị elu na ọsọ mgbochi mgbochi ngwa ngwa.A na-akwadokwa nnu EDTA ka ọ bụrụ ngwọta mmiri nwere obere akụkụ nke 15%.Tinye 1.2mgEDTA kwa ml nke ọbara, ya bụ, tinye 0.04ml nke 15% EDTA ngwọta kwa 5ml nke ọbara.Enwere ike ịmịchaa nnu EDTA na 100 ℃, na mmetụta mgbochi ya na-anọgide na-agbanweghị agbanwe EDTA nnu adịghị emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ ọbara ọcha na nha, na-enwe mmetụta kachasị nta na morphology nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie, na-egbochi nchịkọta platelet, ma dabara maka hematological izugbe. nchọpụta.Ọ bụrụ na ntinye nke anticoagulant dị oke elu, nrụgide osmotic ga-ebili, nke ga-eme ka cell shrinkage pH nke ngwọta EDTA nwere mmekọrịta dị ukwuu na nnu, na obere pH nwere ike ime ka mgbasawanye cell.EDTA-K2 nwere ike gbasawanye olu nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie ntakịrị, na nkezi olu platelet n'ime obere oge ka nchịkọta ọbara na-esiwanye ike ma na-adịwanye mma mgbe ọkara elekere gasịrị.EDTA-K2 belatara Ca2+, Mg2+, creatine kinase na alkaline phosphatase.Ọnụ ọgụgụ kacha mma nke EDTA-K2 bụ ọbara 1.5mg/ml.Ọ bụrụ na enwere ntakịrị ọbara, neutrophils ga-aza, lobulate na-apụ n'anya, platelet ga-aza ma gbasaa, na-emepụta iberibe platelet nkịtị, nke ga-eduga ná njehie na nsonaazụ nyocha EDTA salts nwere ike igbochi ma ọ bụ gbochie polymerization nke fibrin monomers n'oge e guzobere. nke fibrin clots, nke na-ekwesịghị ekwesị maka nchọpụta coagulation ọbara na ọrụ platelet, ma ọ bụ maka mkpebi nke calcium, potassium, sodium na nitrogenous bekee.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, EDTA nwere ike imetụta ọrụ nke ụfọdụ enzymes ma na-egbochi ihe kpatara lupus erythematosus, n'ihi ya, ọ dịghị mma maka ịme ihe nrịbama histochemical na nyocha ọbara nke mkpụrụ ndụ lupus erythematosus.

3. Citrate bụ tumadi sodium citrate.Ụkpụrụ mgbochi ya bụ na ọ nwere ike ijikọta ya na Ca2 + n'ime ọbara iji mepụta chelate, nke mere na Ca2 + na-efunahụ ọrụ coagulation ya na usoro nchịkọta coagulation na-egbochi, si otú a na-egbochi coagulation ọbara.Sodium citrate nwere ụdị kristal abụọ, Na3C6H5O7 · 2H2O na 2Na3C6H5O7 · 11H2O, na-abụkarị 3.8% ma ọ bụ 3 na nke mbụ.2% ngwọta mmiri, agwakọta ya na ọbara na 1: 9 olu.Ọtụtụ ule coagulation nwere ike igbochi ya na sodium citrate, nke na-enyere aka nkwụsi ike nke ihe V na factor VIII, ma nwee mmetụta dị nta na nkezi ụda platelet na ihe ndị ọzọ na-akpata coagulation, ya mere enwere ike iji ya mee nyocha ọrụ platelet.Sodium citrate nwere obere cytotoxicity ma bụrụkwa otu n'ime ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-edozi ọbara na mmịnye ọbara.Otú ọ dị, sodium citrate 6mg nwere ike anticoagulate 1ml ọbara, nke bụ ike alkaline, na adịghị adabara ọbara analysis na biochemical ule.